Description
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF, formerly known as TNF-α) is a potent multifunctional cytokine which can exert regulatory and cytotoxic effects on a wide range of normal lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells and tumor cells. Rat TNF is a 17.4 kD protein containing 157 amino acid residues. Recombinant rat TNF (Cat. No. 555109) is supplied as a frozen liquid comprised of 0.22 µm sterile-filtered aqueous buffered solution, containing bovine serum albumin, with no preservatives. Recombinant rat TNF is ≥ 95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis, and an absorbance assay based on the Beers-Lambert Law. The endotoxin level is ≤ 0.1 ng per µg of TNF, as measured in a chromogenic LAL assay.
Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
Upon initial thawing, recombinant rat TNF (Cat. No. 555109) should be aliquoted into polypropylene microtubes and frozen at -80°C for future use. Alternatively, the product can be diluted in sterile neutral buffer containing not less than 0.5 - 10 mg/mL carrier protein, such as human or bovine albumin, aliquoted and stored at -80°C. For in vitro biological assay use, carrier-protein concentrations of 0.5 - 1 mg/mL are recommended. For use as an ELISA standard, carrier-protein concentrations of 5 - 10 mg/mL are recommended. Failure to add carrier protein or store at indicated temperatures may result in a loss of activity. The product should not be diluted to less than 10 μg/mL for long term storage. Carrier proteins should be pre-screened for possible effects in each investigator's experimental system. Carrier proteins may have an undesired influence on experimental results due to toxicity, high endotoxin levels or possible blocking activity.
ELISA Standard: Recombinant rat TNF (Cat. No. 555109) can be useful as a quantitative standard for measuring rat TNF protein levels using sandwich ELISA with the purified TN3-19.12 antibody (Cat. No. 557516) as a capture antibody and biotinylated 516D1A1 antibody (Cat. No. 558415) as the detection antibody. To obtain linear standard curves, investigators may want to consider using doubling dilutions of recombinant rat TNF from 10 - 0.1 ng/mL to be included in each ELISA plate. For measuring rat TNF in serum or plasma, investigators are highly encouraged to use the BD OptEIA™ Rat TNF ELISA Set (Cat. No. 558535) or the BD OptEIA™ Rat TNF ELISA Kit (Cat. No. 560479).
Bioassay: Investigators are advised that the Bioassay application is not routinely tested for this material and are highly encouraged to both titrate this material and include appropriate controls in relevant experiments. An activity range of 0.25 - 5.0 x 10^9 units/mg, encompassing an
ED50= 2 - 40 pg/mL, has previously been reported using L929 as indicator cells in an MTT/actinomycin D cytolysis assay, with a unit defined as the amount of material needed to stimulate a half-maximal response at cytokine saturation.
Product Notices
- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
Companion Products
Development References (2)
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Hogan MM, Vogel SN. Production of tumor necrosis factor by rIFN-gamma-primed C3H/HeJ (Lpsd) macrophages requires the presence of lipid A-associated proteins. J Immunol. 1988; 141(12):4196-4202. (Methodology). View Reference
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Jaattela, M. . Biologic activities and mechanisms of action of tumor necrosis factor-α/cachectin. Lab Invest. 1991; 64:724-742. (Biology).
Please refer to Support Documents for Quality Certificates
Global - Refer to manufacturer's instructions for use and related User Manuals and Technical data sheets before using this products as described
Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD Technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.