Description
Lymphotoxin (LT-α), also known as, Tumor Necrosis Factor-β (TNF-β) is a potent multifunctional cytokine which is primarily produced by activated lymphocytes. LT-α has cytotoxic activity against a wide range of tumor cells and certain other target cells. Other LT-α activities include the activation of neutrophils, osteoclasts, and endothelial cells and the upregulation of the membrane expression of MHC antigens and adhesion molecules by various cell types. Human LT-α is a 18 kDa protein containing 171 amino acid residues. Recombinant human LT-α (Cat. No. 554619) is supplied as a frozen liquid comprised of 0.22 µm sterile-filtered aqueous buffered solution, containing bovine serum albumin, with no preservatives. Recombinant human LT-α is ≥ 95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis, and an absorbance assay based on the Beers-Lambert Law. The endotoxin level is ≤0.1 ng per µg of LT-α, as measured in a chromogenic LAL assay.
Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
Upon initial thawing, recombinant human LT-α (Cat. No. 554619) should be aliquoted into polypropylene microtubes and frozen at -80°C for future use. Alternatively, the product can be diluted in sterile neutral buffer containing not less than 0.5 - 10 mg/mL carrier protein, such as human or bovine albumin, aliquoted and stored at -80°C. For in vitro biological assay use, carrier-protein concentrations of 0.5 - 1 mg/mL are recommended. For use as an ELISA standard carrier-protein concentrations of 5 - 10 mg/mL are recommended. Failure to add carrier protein or store at indicated temperatures may result in a loss of activity. Carrier proteins should be pre-screened for possible effects in each investigator's experimental system. Carrier proteins may have an undesired influence on experimental results due to toxicity, high endotoxin levels or possible blocking activity.
ELISA Standard: Recombinant human LT-α (Cat. No. 554619) can be useful as a quantitative standard for measuring human LT-α protein levels using sandwich ELISA with the purified 359-238-8 antibody (Cat. No. 551222) as a capture antibody and biotinylated 359-81-11 antibody (Cat. No. 554555) as the detection antibody. For measuring human LT-α in serum or plasma, investigators are highly encouraged to use the BD OptEIA™ Human LT-α ELISA Set (Cat. No. 550995).
Bioassay: Investigators are advised that the Bioassay application is not routinely tested for this material and are highly encouraged to both titrate this material and include appropriate controls in relevant experiments. An activity range of 0.3 - 5.0 x 10^9 units/mg, encompassing an
ED50= 2 - 30 pg/mL, has previously been reported using L929 as indicator cells in an MTT/actinomycin D cytolysis assay, with a unit defined as the amount of material needed to stimulate a half-maximal response at cytokine saturation.
Product Notices
- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
Companion Products
Development References (1)
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Paul NL, Ruddle NH. Lymphotoxin. Annu Rev Immunol. 1988; 6:407-438. (Biology). View Reference
Please refer to Support Documents for Quality Certificates
Global - Refer to manufacturer's instructions for use and related User Manuals and Technical data sheets before using this products as described
Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD Technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
Refer to manufacturer's instructions for use and related User Manuals and Technical Data Sheets before using this product as described.
Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.