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- BD® OMICS-Guard Sample Preservation Buffer
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Flow cytometric analysis of AFP expression in human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells Hep G2 (ATCC®, HB-8065™) were harvested with Accutase™ Cell Detachment Solution (Cat. No. 561527), fixed with BD Cytofix™ fixation buffer (Cat. No. 554655) and permeabilized with BD Phosflow™ Perm buffer III (Cat. No. 558050). The cells were stained with either PE Mouse IgG2a, κ isotype control (dashed line, Cat. No. 558595) or PE Mouse anti-Human Alpha-fetoprotein monoclonal antibody (solid line) at matched concentrations. Histograms were derived from gated events based on light scattering characteristics of HepG2 cells. Flow cytometry was performed on a BD FACSCanto™ II flow cytometry system
BD Pharmingen™ PE Mouse Anti-Human Alpha-fetoprotein
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Any use of products other than the permitted use without the express written authorization of Becton, Dickinson and Company is strictly prohibited.
Preparation And Storage
Product Notices
- This reagent has been pre-diluted for use at the recommended Volume per Test. We typically use 1 × 10^6 cells in a 100-µl experimental sample (a test).
- An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
- Accutase is a registered trademark of Innovative Cell Technologies, Inc.
- All other brands are trademarks of their respective owners.
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
Companion Products
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a member of the albuminoid gene family which includes albumin, alpha-albumin, and vitamin D protein. Alpha-fetoprotein is an abundant plasma protein synthesized from fetal yolk sac, liver, and gastrointestinal tract during development. Similar to albumin, AFP binds and transports multiple ligands such as nickel, copper, billirubin, and fatty acids. AFP levels are low to absent in healthy adult tissues whereas elevated AFP levels in the adult can be indicative of malignancies. In particular, AFP is expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma, germ cell tumors, and metatstatic cancers of the liver. Maternal serum AFP levels can be monitored to screen for fetal abnormalities. AFP is used as a hepatic progenitor marker in hepatic differentiations from pluripotent stem cells.
Development References (5)
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Duan Y, Catana A, Meng Y, et al. Differentiation and enrichment of hepatocyte-like cells from human embryonic stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Stem Cells. 2007; 25(15):3058-3068. (Biology). View Reference
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Jozefczuk J, Prigione A, Chavez L, Adjaye J. Comparative analysis of human embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells reveals current drawbacks and possible strategies for improved differentiation. Stem Cells Dev. 2011; 20(7):1259-1275. (Biology). View Reference
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Mizejewski GJ. Alpha-fetoprotein structure and function: relevance to isoforms, epitopes, and conformational variants. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2001; 226(5):377-408. (Biology). View Reference
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Yazova AK, Goussev AI, Christiansen M, et al. Human fetal and tumor alpha-fetoproteins differ in conformationally dependent epitope variants expression. Immunol Lett. 2003; 85(3):261-270. (Clone-specific). View Reference
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Yazova AK, Goussev AI, Poltoranina VS, Yakimenko EF. Human alpha-fetoprotein epitopes as revealed by monoclonal antibodies. Immunol Lett. 1990; 25(4):325-330. (Clone-specific). View Reference
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