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- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
- Sodium azide is a reversible inhibitor of oxidative metabolism; therefore, antibody preparations containing this preservative agent must not be used in cell cultures nor injected into animals. Sodium azide may be removed by washing stained cells or plate-bound antibody or dialyzing soluble antibody in sodium azide-free buffer. Since endotoxin may also affect the results of functional studies, we recommend the NA/LE (No Azide/Low Endotoxin) antibody format, if available, for in vitro and in vivo use.
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Transcriptional repression is critical for genetic regulation of many cellular proteins, and involves either a transcription regulator that has an intrinsic repressor domain, or a transcription regulator that contains a binding site in the regulatory domain where a corepressor can bind. C-terminal binding proteins (CtBP1 and CtBP2) are a class of corepressors that interact with a subset of transcription factors through a PLDLSL sequence motif. CtBP1 and CtBP2 are 80% homologous, and both are expressed at high levels in embryonic tissues. However, CtBP1 is expressed higher in adult tissues, and is more widely expressed in embryonic and adult tissues. Both CtBP1 and CtBP2 bind the δEF1 zinc finger-homeodomain transcription factor, and enhance transcriptional repression via interaction with the PLDLSL-sequence in δEF1. CtBP1 and CtBP2 bind other zinc finger transcription factors, including Kheper and BKLF. In addition, CtBP2 interacts with other transcription factors, such as hFOG-2, Evi-1, AREB6, and ZEB. Thus, CtBP1 and CtBP2 may be important corepressors for a variety of transcriptional factors.
Development References (4)
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Furusawa T, Moribe H, Kondoh H, Higashi Y. Identification of CtBP1 and CtBP2 as corepressors of zinc finger-homeodomain factor deltaEF1. Mol Cell Biol. 1999; 19(12):8581-8590. (Biology). View Reference
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Hildebrand JD, Soriano P. Overlapping and unique roles for C-terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1) and CtBP2 during mouse development. Mol Cell Biol. 2002; 22(15):5296-5307. (Biology: Immunohistochemistry, Western blot). View Reference
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Muraoka O, Ichikawa H, Shi H. Kheper, a novel ZFH/deltaEF1 family member, regulates the development of the neuroectoderm of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Dev Biol. 2000; 228(1):29-40. (Biology). View Reference
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Schaeper U, Boyd JM, Verma S, Uhlmann E, Subramanian T, Chinnadurai G. Molecular cloning and characterization of a cellular phosphoprotein that interacts with a conserved C-terminal domain of adenovirus E1A involved in negative modulation of oncogenic transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995; 92(23):10467-10471. (Biology). View Reference
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