The CD8 antibody, clone SK1, is derived from hybridization of mouse NS-1 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with human peripheral blood T lymphocytes.
The CD8 antibody recognizes the 32-kilodalton (kDa) α-subunit of a disulfide-linked bimolecular complex. The majority of peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes expresses an α/β heterodimer (Mr 32, 30 kDa), while CD8+CD16+ natural killer (NK) lymphocytes and CD8+ T-cell receptor (TCR)-γ/δ+ T lymphocytes express an α/α homodimer (Mr 30 kDa). CD8+TCR-α/β+ T lymphocytes can express either an α/α homodimer or α/β heterodimer. The CD8 antigenic determinant binds to class I major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules, resulting in increased adhesion between the CD8+ T lymphocytes and target cells. Binding of the CD8 antigen to class I MHC molecules enhances the activation of resting T lymphocytes. The CD8 antigen is coupled to a protein tyrosine kinase, p56lck. The CD8:p56lck complex can play a role in T-lymphocyte activation through mediation of the interactions between the CD8 antigen and the CD3/TCR complex.
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