Preparation And Storage
Product Notices
- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
The R1-2 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to α4 chain (CD49d), which is expressed as a heterdimer with either of two β, β1 or β7 (also known as βp). The α4β1 integrin (VLA-4, CD49d/CD29) is expressed on most peripheral lymphocytes, thymocytes, and monocytes; while the α4β7 integrin (LPAM-1) is expressed on peripheral lymphocytes, but on only a small subset of thymocytes. These integrins mediate a variety of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, recognizing the ligands VCAM-1 (CD106) and fibronectin. There is evidence that levels of VLA-4 expression regulate the transendothelial migration of T lymphocytes into inflamed tissues. Integrin α4β7 also preferentially binds to the mucosal vascular addressin, MAdCAM-1. The R1-2 antibody blocks some α4 integrin-mediated binding functions. In combination with mAb 9C10 (MFR4.B) (Cat. No. 553313), binding of VLA-4 expressing cells to VCAM-1 can be almost completely inhibited.
Development References (8)
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Andrew DP, Berlin C, Honda S, et al. Distinct but overlapping epitopes are involved in alpha 4 beta 7-mediated adhesion to vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, mucosal addressin-1, fibronectin, and lymphocyte aggregation. J Immunol. 1994; 153(9):3847-3861. (Biology: Blocking). View Reference
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Baron JL, Reich EP, Visintin I, Janeway CA Jr. The pathogenesis of adoptive murine autoimmune diabetes requires an interaction between alpha 4-integrins and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. J Clin Invest. 1994; 93(4):1700-1708. (Biology: Blocking, Immunofluorescence). View Reference
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Brocke S, Piercy C, Steinman L, Weissman IL, Veromaa T. Antibodies to CD44 and integrin alpha4, but not L-selectin, prevent central nervous system inflammation and experimental encephalomyelitis by blocking secondary leukocyte recruitment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999; 96(12):6896-6901. (Biology: Blocking). View Reference
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Chisholm PL, Williams CA, Lobb RR. Monoclonal antibodies to the integrin alpha-4 subunit inhibit the murine contact hypersensitivity response. Eur J Immunol. 1993; 23(3):682-688. (Biology: Blocking). View Reference
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Ferguson TA, Kupper TS. Antigen-independent processes in antigen-specific immunity. A role for alpha 4 integrin. J Immunol. 1993; 150(4):1172-1182. (Biology: Blocking). View Reference
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Holzmann B, McIntyre BW, Weissman IL. Identification of a murine Peyer's patch--specific lymphocyte homing receptor as an integrin molecule with an alpha chain homologous to human VLA-4 alpha. Cell. 1989; 56(1):37-46. (Immunogen: Blocking, Immunoprecipitation). View Reference
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Holzmann B, Weissman IL. Peyer's patch-specific lymphocyte homing receptors consist of a VLA-4-like alpha chain associated with either of two integrin beta chains, one of which is novel. EMBO J. 1989; 8(6):1735-1741. (Biology: Immunoprecipitation). View Reference
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Kilshaw PJ, Murant SJ. Expression and regulation of beta 7(beta p) integrins on mouse lymphocytes: relevance to the mucosal immune system. Eur J Immunol. 1991; 21(10):2591-2597. (Biology: Blocking). View Reference
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For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.