Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
Put all BD® AbSeq Reagents to be pooled into a Latch Rack for 500 µL Tubes (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat. No. 4900). Arrange the tubes so that they can be easily uncapped and re-capped with an 8-Channel Screw Cap Tube Capper (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat. No. 4105MAT) and the reagents aliquoted with a multi-channel pipette.
BD® AbSeq tubes should be centrifuged for ≥ 30 seconds at 400 × g to ensure removal of any content in the cap/tube threads prior to the first opening.
Product Notices
- This reagent has been pre-diluted for use at the recommended volume per test. Typical use is 2 µl for 1 × 10^6 cells in a 200-µl staining reaction.
- The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. However, verification testing has not been performed on all conjugate lots.
- Please refer to bd.com/genomics-resources for technical protocols.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
- Illumina is a trademark of Illumina, Inc.
- Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
- For U.S. patents that may apply, see bd.com/patents.
Companion Products
The V27-580 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to GITR (Glucocorticoid-Induced Tumor necrosis factor Receptor), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily that is designated TNFRSF18. In the human, GITR is expressed at low levels in peripheral blood T cells, bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes and is up-regulated upon antigen stimulation or by treatment with anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28. GITR is also reported to be constitutively expressed on Treg cells. GITR's ligand (GITRL) is a member of the TNF superfamily, is designated TNFSF18, and is expressed on antigen presenting cells. The GITR cytoplasmic domain has striking homology with the cytoplasmic domains of the co-stimulatory receptors CD137 (4-1BB), CD134 (OX40) and CD27. GITR signaling is mediated by signaling adaptors, TNFR-associated factors (TRAFs), that affect signaling pathways (eg, Erk, JNK, MAPK and NF-κB) to enhance T-cell survival and cytokine production. The effects of GITR signaling upon the dynamic and interconnected roles of effector and regulatory T lymphocytes in the immune response are under investigation.
Development References (7)
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Clouthier DL, Watts TH. Cell-specific and context-dependent effects of GITR in cancer, autoimmunity, and infection.. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2014; 25(2):91-106. (Biology). View Reference
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Kwon B, Yu KY, Ni J, et al. Identification of a novel activation-inducible protein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and its ligand.. J Biol Chem. 1999; 274(10):6056-61. (Biology). View Reference
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Li Z, Mahesh SP, Kim BJ, Buggage RR, Nussenblatt RB. Expression of glucocorticoid induced TNF receptor family related protein (GITR) on peripheral T cells from normal human donors and patients with non-infectious uveitis.. J Autoimmun. 2003; 21(1):83-92. (Biology). View Reference
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Nocentini G, Giunchi L, Ronchetti S, et al. A new member of the tumor necrosis factor / nerve growth factor receptor family inhibits T cell receptor-induced apoptosis... Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997; 94(12):6216-6221. (Biology). View Reference
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Pedroza-Gonzalez A, Zhou G, Singh SP, et al. GITR engagement in combination with CTLA-4 blockade completely abrogates immunosuppression mediated by human liver tumor-derived regulatory T cells ex vivo.. Oncoimmunology. 2015; 4(12):e1051297. (Biology). View Reference
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Placke T, Kopp HG, Salih HR. Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related (GITR) protein and its ligand in antitumor immunity: functional role and therapeutic modulation.. Clin Dev Immunol. 2010; 2010:239083. (Biology). View Reference
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Shevach EM, Stephens GL. The GITR-GITRL interaction: co-stimulation or contrasuppression of regulatory activity?. Nat Rev Immunol. 2006; 6(8):613-8. (Biology). View Reference
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Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD Technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.