Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
Applications include western blot analysis (1-2 µg/ml), immunoprecipitation (1-2 µg/ml) and immunohistochemical staining of frozen tissue sections (titrate between 5 and 20 µg/ml). LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells (ATCC CRL 1740) are suggested as positive controls.
Product Notices
- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
The androgen receptor (AR) mediating androgen effects is a member of the steroid and thyroid hormone receptor gene superfamily encoding liganddependent nuclear transcription factors. They can be divided into three main domains, an N-terminal domain which modulates transcription efficiency, a central DNA domain which binds to a target gene hormone response element, and a C-terminal hormone binding domain. Androgens are necessary for normal male development and function. They exert their effects on target tissue through binding to the AR, followed by association of the AR complex with specific binding sites on DNA. This AR complex may induce or repress gene transcription. Mutations in the AR gene are associated with androgen insensitivity syndrome, a disorder that causes XY genotypic males to develop as phenotypic females because of their inability to respond to androgens. AR mutations have also been identified in human prostate cancer specimens and the LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line. Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to the AR have identified AR-positive cells in a variety of tissues including male and female sexual organs, kidney, liver, adrenal cortex, pituitary gland, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells. The androgen receptor has been identified as a 100 kDa protein in SDS/PAGE. G122-434 recognizes an epitope localized within the N-terminal domain (between amino acids 33 and 485) of the human androgen receptor protein. The antibody does not recognize estrogen or progesterone receptors. Purified recombinant human androgen receptor protein was used as immunogen.
Development References (6)
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Chang C, Wang C, DeLuca HF, Ross TK, Shih CC. Characterization of human androgen receptor overexpressed in the baculovirus system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992; 89(13):5946-5950. (Immunogen). View Reference
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Fuller PJ. The steroid receptor superfamily: mechanisms of diversity. FASEB J. 1991; 5(15):3092-3099. (Biology). View Reference
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Mitchell SH, Zhu W, Young CY. Resveratrol inhibits the expression and function of the androgen receptor in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res. 1999; 59(23):5892-5895. (Clone-specific: Western blot). View Reference
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Newmark JR, Hardy DO, Tonb DC, et al. Androgen receptor gene mutations in human prostate cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992; 89(14):6319-6323. (Biology). View Reference
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Takeda H, Chodak G, Mutchnik S, Nakamoto T, Chang C. Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptors with mono- and polyclonal antibodies to androgen receptor. J Endocrinol. 1990; 126(1):17-25. (Biology). View Reference
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Zhu W, Smith A, Young CY. A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, flufenamic acid, inhibits the expression of the androgen receptor in LNCaP cells. Endocrinology. 1999; 140(11):5451-5454. (Biology). View Reference
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Global - Refer to manufacturer's instructions for use and related User Manuals and Technical data sheets before using this products as described
Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD Technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.