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BD® CompBeads can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover (compensation). When fluorochrome conjugated antibodies are bound to BD® CompBeads, they have spectral properties very similar to cells. However, for some fluorochromes there can be small differences in spectral emissions compared to cells, resulting in spillover values that differ when compared to biological controls. It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and BD® CompBeads to ensure that BD® CompBeads are appropriate for your specific cellular application.
For optimal and reproducible results, BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer should be used anytime BD Horizon Brilliant™ dyes are used in a multicolor flow cytometry panel. Fluorescent dye interactions may cause staining artifacts which may affect data interpretation. The BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer was designed to minimize these interactions. When BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer is used in in the multicolor panel, it should also be used in the corresponding compensation controls for all dyes to achieve the most accurate compensation. For the most accurate compensation, compensation controls created with either cells or beads should be exposed to BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer for the same length of time as the corresponding multicolor panel. More information can be found in the Technical Data Sheet of the BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer (Cat. No. 563794/566349) or the BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer Plus (Cat. No. 566385).
For optimal results, it is recommended to perform 2 washes after staining with antibodies. Cells may be prepared, stained with antibodies and washed twice with wash buffer per established protocols for immunofluorescence staining, prior to acquisition on a flow cytometer. Performing fewer than the recommended wash steps may lead to increased spread of the negative population.
商品通知
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- This reagent has been pre-diluted for use at the recommended Volume per Test. We typically use 1 × 10^6 cells in a 100-µl experimental sample (a test).
- An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
- BD Horizon Brilliant Stain Buffer is covered by one or more of the following US patents: 8,110,673; 8,158,444; 8,575,303; 8,354,239.
- Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
- Alexa Fluor™ is a trademark of Life Technologies Corporation.
配套商品
The V27-580 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to GITR (Glucocorticoid-Induced Tumor necrosis factor Receptor), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily that is designated TNFRSF18. In the human, GITR is expressed at low levels in peripheral blood T cells, bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes and is up-regulated upon antigen stimulation or by treatment with anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28. GITR is also reported to be constitutively expressed on Treg cells. GITR's ligand (GITRL) is a member of the TNF superfamily, is designated TNFSF18, and is expressed on antigen presenting cells. The GITR cytoplasmic domain has striking homology with the cytoplasmic domains of the co-stimulatory receptors CD137 (4-1BB), CD134 (OX40) and CD27. GITR signaling is mediated by signaling adaptors, TNFR-associated factors (TRAFs), that affect signaling pathways (eg, Erk, JNK, MAPK and NF-κB) to enhance T-cell survival and cytokine production. The effects of GITR signaling upon the dynamic and interconnected roles of effector and regulatory T lymphocytes in the immune response are under investigation.
研发参考 (7)
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Clouthier DL, Watts TH. Cell-specific and context-dependent effects of GITR in cancer, autoimmunity, and infection.. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2014; 25(2):91-106. (Biology). 查看参考
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Kwon B, Yu KY, Ni J, et al. Identification of a novel activation-inducible protein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and its ligand.. J Biol Chem. 1999; 274(10):6056-61. (Biology). 查看参考
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Li Z, Mahesh SP, Kim BJ, Buggage RR, Nussenblatt RB. Expression of glucocorticoid induced TNF receptor family related protein (GITR) on peripheral T cells from normal human donors and patients with non-infectious uveitis.. J Autoimmun. 2003; 21(1):83-92. (Biology). 查看参考
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Nocentini G, Giunchi L, Ronchetti S, et al. A new member of the tumor necrosis factor / nerve growth factor receptor family inhibits T cell receptor-induced apoptosis... Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997; 94(12):6216-6221. (Biology: Flow cytometry). 查看参考
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Pedroza-Gonzalez A, Zhou G, Singh SP, et al. GITR engagement in combination with CTLA-4 blockade completely abrogates immunosuppression mediated by human liver tumor-derived regulatory T cells ex vivo.. Oncoimmunology. 2015; 4(12):e1051297. (Biology: Flow cytometry). 查看参考
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Placke T, Kopp HG, Salih HR. Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related (GITR) protein and its ligand in antitumor immunity: functional role and therapeutic modulation.. Clin Dev Immunol. 2010; 2010:239083. (Biology). 查看参考
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Shevach EM, Stephens GL. The GITR-GITRL interaction: co-stimulation or contrasuppression of regulatory activity?. Nat Rev Immunol. 2006; 6(8):613-8. (Biology). 查看参考
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