The CD8 antibody, clone RPA-T8, is derived from the hybridization of NS-1 mouse myeloma cells immunized with phytohemagglutinin (PHA)–stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
The CD8 antibody recognizes the 32-kilodalton (kDa) α-subunit of a disulfide-linked bimolecular complex. The majority of peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes express an α/β heterodimer (30 kDa), while CD8+CD16+ natural killer (NK) lymphocytes and CD8+ T-cell receptor (TCR)-γ/δ+ T lymphocytes express an α/α homodimer (30 kDa). CD8+TCR-α/β+ T lymphocytes can express either an α/α homodimer or an α/β heterodimer. The CD8 antigenic determinant binds to major histocompatibility (MHC) class I molecules, resulting in increased adhesion between the CD8+ T lymphocytes and target cells. Binding of the CD8 antigen to MHC class I molecules enhances the activation of resting T lymphocytes. The CD8 antigen is coupled to a protein tyrosine kinase, p56lck. The CD8:p56lck complex can play a role in T-lymphocyte activation through mediation of the interactions between the CD8 antigen and the CD3/TCR complex.
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