Description
The Stat proteins function both as cytoplasmic signal transducers and as activators of transcription. Seven mammalian Stat proteins have been identified: Stat1-4, Stat5a, 5b, and Stat6. Stat4 has been shown to play an important role in development of T helper cells, specifically the Th1 subset. Stat4 is activated by IL-12 and by type 1 interferons. Knockout mice supported the role that Stat4 plays in IL-12 signaling because lymphocytes from Stat 4-/- mice could neither differentiate into Th1 cells nor produce IFN-γ in response to treatment with IL-12. IFN-γ plays an important role in host defense. A key component in the activation of Stat4 is the phosphorylation on tyrosine and serine residues in response to IL-12 stimulation. IL-12 stimulation leads to the phosphorylation of Stat4 on tyrosine 693 and serine 721. Transcriptional activity of Stat4 has been shown to be significantly reduced when residues Y693 and S721 are mutated.
Format
- Format
Alexa Fluor® 647
- Excitation Source
Red 633 nm
- Excitation Max
650 nm
- Emission Max
668 nm
Alexa Fluor® 647 conjugates are highly photostable and remain fluorescent over a broad pH range. The excitation and emission maxima are nearly identical to those of APC. However, APC tends to be brighter while Alexa Fluor® 647 is more optimal for intracellular applications. This fluorochrome exhibits uncommon photostability, making it an ideal choice for use in fluorescence microscopy. Due to nearly identical excitation and emission properties but different spillover characteristics, APC and Alexa Fluor® 647 cannot be used simultaneously.
Suggested Companion Products
Preparation and Storage
Store undiluted at 4°C and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
The monoclonal antibody was purified from tissue culture supernatant or ascites by affinity chromatography.
The antibody was conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 647 under optimum conditions, and unreacted Alexa Fluor® 647 was removed.
Product Notices
- This reagent has been pre-diluted for use at the recommended Volume per Test. We typically use 1 × 10^6 cells in a 100-µl experimental sample (a test).
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/pharmingen/protocols for technical protocols.
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
- Alexa Fluor® 647 fluorochrome emission is collected at the same instrument settings as for allophycocyanin (APC).
- The Alexa Fluor®, Pacific Blue™, and Cascade Blue® dye antibody conjugates in this product are sold under license from Molecular Probes, Inc. for research use only, excluding use in combination with microarrays, or as analyte specific reagents. The Alexa Fluor® dyes (except for Alexa Fluor® 430), Pacific Blue™ dye, and Cascade Blue® dye are covered by pending and issued patents.
- Alexa Fluor® is a registered trademark of Molecular Probes, Inc., Eugene, OR.
