Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
BD® CompBeads can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover (compensation). When fluorochrome conjugated antibodies are bound to BD® CompBeads, they have spectral properties very similar to cells. However, for some fluorochromes there can be small differences in spectral emissions compared to cells, resulting in spillover values that differ when compared to biological controls. It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and BD® CompBeads to ensure that BD® CompBeads are appropriate for your specific cellular application.
Product Notices
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
- For U.S. patents that may apply, see bd.com/patents.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. However, verification testing has not been performed on all conjugate lots.
- When using high concentrations of antibody, background binding of this dye to erythroid fragments produced by ammonium chloride-based lysis, such as with BD Pharm Lyse™ Lysing Buffer (Cat. No. 555899), has been observed when the antibody conjugate was present during the lysis procedure. This may cause nonspecific staining of target cells, such as leukocytes, which have bound the resulting erythroid fragments. This background can be mitigated by any of the following: titrating the antibody conjugate to a lower concentration, fixing samples with formaldehyde, or removing erythrocytes before staining (eg, gradient centrifugation or pre-lysis with wash). This background has not been observed when cells were lysed with BD FACS™ Lysing Solution (Cat. No. 349202) after staining.
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
- Please observe the following precautions: We recommend that special precautions be taken (such as wrapping vials, tubes, or racks in aluminum foil) to protect exposure of conjugated reagents, including cells stained with those reagents, to any room illumination. Absorption of visible light can significantly affect the emission spectra and quantum yield of tandem fluorochrome conjugates.
- Tandem fluorochromes contain both an energy donor and an energy acceptor. Although every effort is made to minimize the lot-to-lot variation in the efficiency of the fluorochrome energy transfer, differences in the residual emission from the donor may be observed. Additionally, multi-laser cytometers may directly excite both the donor and acceptor fluorochromes. Therefore, we recommend for every tandem conjugate, a matched individual single-stain control be acquired for generating a compensation or spectral unmixing matrix.
- Cy is a trademark of Global Life Sciences Solutions Germany GmbH or an affiliate doing business as Cytiva.
Companion Products
The C9B7W antibody monoclonal antibody specifically binds to an epitope in the D2 domain of CD223 (LAG3), the 70-kDa protein encoded by Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (Lag3). A fusion protein consisting of the entire extracellular region of mouse LAG3 with mouse IgG1 was used as immunogen. CD223 is a type-I membrane protein with four extracellular Ig-like domains; it is structurally homologous to CD4; and, like CD4, it binds MHC class II molecules. However, unlike CD4, it is not expressed on resting human and mouse T lymphocytes. In the mouse, as previously described in the human, CD223 expression is upregulated on T lymphocytes (both CD4+ and CD8+) activated through the T-cell receptor (TCR) and on IL-2-activated NK (LAK) cells, and it is not detected on B cells, dendritic cells, or Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated splenocytes. Studies on human peripheral T lymphocytes suggest that CD223 associates with the TCR to downregulate TCR signaling. In contrast, in vivo and in vitro evaluations of vaccination protocols in mice suggest that CD223 promotes immune responses by activating antigen-presenting cells. Furthermore, NK cells of Lag3-/- mice display defects in their capacity to kill certain tumor cells. Mouse CD223 also has been demonstrated to contribute to the suppressor function of T regulatory cells and the C9B7W antibody has been shown to inhibit this function in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, CD223 appears to play complex roles in the regulation of immune responses. Although the C9B7W antibody is unable to block the binding of MHC class II-IgG2a fusion protein to CD223, it is able to block the CD223-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production by a T-cell hybridoma responding to antigen.
Development References (9)
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Baixeras E, Huard B, Miossec C, et al. Characterization of the lymphocyte activation gene 3-encoded protein. A new ligand for human leukocyte antigen class II antigens. J Exp Med. 1992; 176(2):327-337. (Biology). View Reference
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El Mir S, Triebel F. A soluble lymphocyte activation gene-3 molecule used as a vaccine adjuvant elicits greater humoral and cellular immune responses to both particulate and soluble antigens. J Immunol. 2000; 164(11):5583-5589. (Biology). View Reference
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Hannier S, Tournier M, Bismuth G, Triebel F. CD3/TCR complex-associated lymphocyte activation gene-3 molecules inhibit CD3/TCR signaling. J Immunol. 1998; 161(8):4058-4065. (Biology). View Reference
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Hannier S, Triebel F. The MHC class II ligand lymphocyte activation gene-3 is co-distributed with CD8 and CD3-TCR molecules after their engagement by mAb or peptide-MHC class I complexes. Int Immunol. 1999; 11(11):1745-1752. (Biology). View Reference
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Huang CT, Workman CJ, Flies D, et al. Role of LAG-3 in regulatory T cells. Immunity. 2004; 21(4):503-513. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry, Functional assay, Inhibition, In vivo exacerbation). View Reference
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Huard B, Mastrangeli R, Prigent P, et al. Characterization of the major histocompatibility complex class II binding site on LAG-3 protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997; 94(11):5744-5749. (Biology). View Reference
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Miyazaki T, Dierich A, Benoist C, Mathis D. Independent modes of natural killing distinguished in mice lacking Lag3. Science. 1996; 272(5260):405-408. (Biology). View Reference
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Prigent P, El Mir S, Dréano M, Triebel F. Lymphocyte activation gene-3 induces tumor regression and antitumor immune responses. Eur J Immunol. 1999; 29(12):3867-3876. (Biology). View Reference
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Workman CJ, Rice DS, Dugger KJ, Kurschner C, Vignali DA. Phenotypic analysis of the murine CD4-related glycoprotein, CD223 (LAG-3). Eur J Immunol. 2002; 32(8):2255-2263. (Immunogen: Flow cytometry, Functional assay, Inhibition). View Reference
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Global - Refer to manufacturer's instructions for use and related User Manuals and Technical data sheets before using this products as described
Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD Technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.