Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
BD® CompBeads can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover (compensation). When fluorochrome conjugated antibodies are bound to BD® CompBeads, they have spectral properties very similar to cells. However, for some fluorochromes there can be small differences in spectral emissions compared to cells, resulting in spillover values that differ when compared to biological controls. It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and BD® CompBeads to ensure that BD® CompBeads are appropriate for your specific cellular application.
Product Notices
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
- For U.S. patents that may apply, see bd.com/patents.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. However, verification testing has not been performed on all conjugate lots.
- When using high concentrations of antibody, background binding of this dye to erythroid fragments produced by ammonium chloride-based lysis, such as with BD Pharm Lyse™ Lysing Buffer (Cat. No. 555899), has been observed when the antibody conjugate was present during the lysis procedure. This may cause nonspecific staining of target cells, such as leukocytes, which have bound the resulting erythroid fragments. This background can be mitigated by any of the following: titrating the antibody conjugate to a lower concentration, fixing samples with formaldehyde, or removing erythrocytes before staining (eg, gradient centrifugation or pre-lysis with wash). This background has not been observed when cells were lysed with BD FACS™ Lysing Solution (Cat. No. 349202) after staining.
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
- Please observe the following precautions: We recommend that special precautions be taken (such as wrapping vials, tubes, or racks in aluminum foil) to protect exposure of conjugated reagents, including cells stained with those reagents, to any room illumination. Absorption of visible light can significantly affect the emission spectra and quantum yield of tandem fluorochrome conjugates.
- Tandem fluorochromes contain both an energy donor and an energy acceptor. Although every effort is made to minimize the lot-to-lot variation in the efficiency of the fluorochrome energy transfer, differences in the residual emission from the donor may be observed. Additionally, multi-laser cytometers may directly excite both the donor and acceptor fluorochromes. Therefore, we recommend for every tandem conjugate, a matched individual single-stain control be acquired for generating a compensation or spectral unmixing matrix.
- Cy is a trademark of Global Life Sciences Solutions Germany GmbH or an affiliate doing business as Cytiva.
Companion Products
The 5D12 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes CD366 which is also known as TIM-3 (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing 3) or T-cell membrane protein 3. TIM-3 is encoded by Havcr2 (hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2). TIM-3 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the human TIM family within the immunoglobulin superfamily, having one Ig-like V-type domain in its extracellular region. TIM-3 is expressed on activated monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, microglia, and mast cells. It is also expressed on type-1 CD4+ (Th1-like) T cells, CD8+ T cytotoxic cells, regulatory T cells (Treg), and natural killer (NK) cells. TIM-3 functions as an inhibitory receptor which helps cells maintain immunological homeostasis and self tolerance. Crosslinking of cell surface TIM-3 by Galectin-9 binding downregulates Th1-like and CD8+ T cell responses and can promote Treg or myeloid-derived suppressor cells. TIM-3 enables dendritic cells to bind phosphatidyl serine expressed by apoptotic cells and to phagocytize these cells to quell potential inflammation. TIM-3 also binds to the alarmin HMGB1 thereby preventing Toll-like receptor (TLR) by released tumor cell DNA.
Development References (4)
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Anderson AC, Joller N, Kuchroo VK. Lag-3, Tim-3, and TIGIT: Co-inhibitory Receptors with Specialized Functions in Immune Regulation.. Immunity. 2016; 44(5):989-1004. (Biology). View Reference
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Oikawa T1, Kamimura Y, Akiba H, et al. Preferential involvement of Tim-3 in the regulation of hepatic CD8+ T cells in murine acute graft-versus-host disease.. J Immunol. 2006; 177(7):4281-4287. (Biology). View Reference
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Phong BL, Avery L, Sumpter TL, et al. Tim-3 enhances FcεRI-proximal signaling to modulate mast cell activation.. J Exp Med. 2015; 212(13):2289-304. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Veenstra RG, Taylor PA, Zhou Q, et al. Contrasting acute graft-versus-host disease effects of Tim-3/galectin-9 pathway blockade dependent upon the presence of donor regulatory T cells.. Blood. 2012; 120(3):682-90. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
Please refer to Support Documents for Quality Certificates
Global - Refer to manufacturer's instructions for use and related User Manuals and Technical data sheets before using this products as described
Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD Technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.