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Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
BD® CompBeads can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover (compensation). When fluorochrome conjugated antibodies are bound to BD® CompBeads, they have spectral properties very similar to cells. However, for some fluorochromes there can be small differences in spectral emissions compared to cells, resulting in spillover values that differ when compared to biological controls. It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and BD® CompBeads to ensure that BD® CompBeads are appropriate for your specific cellular application.
Product Notices
- When using high concentrations of antibody, background binding of this dye to erythroid fragments produced by ammonium chloride-based lysis, such as with BD Pharm Lyse™ Lysing Buffer (Cat. No. 555899), has been observed when the antibody conjugate was present during the lysis procedure. This may cause nonspecific staining of target cells, such as leukocytes, which have bound the resulting erythroid fragments. This background can be mitigated by any of the following: titrating the antibody conjugate to a lower concentration, fixing samples with formaldehyde, or removing erythrocytes before staining (eg, gradient centrifugation or pre-lysis with wash). This background has not been observed when cells were lysed with BD FACS™ Lysing Solution (Cat. No. 349202) after staining.
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- Please observe the following precautions: Absorption of visible light can significantly alter the energy transfer occurring in any tandem fluorochrome conjugate; therefore, we recommend that special precautions be taken (such as wrapping vials, tubes, or racks in aluminum foil) to prevent exposure of conjugated reagents, including cells stained with those reagents, to room illumination.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- This reagent has been pre-diluted for use at the recommended Volume per Test. We typically use 1 × 10^6 cells in a 100-µl experimental sample (a test).
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
- Human donor specific background has been observed in relation to the presence of anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibodies, developed as a result of certain vaccines containing PEG, including some COVID-19 vaccines. We recommend use of BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer in your experiments to help mitigate potential background. For more information visit https://www.bdbiosciences.com/en-us/support/product-notices.
- Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
- Cy is a trademark of Global Life Sciences Solutions Germany GmbH or an affiliate doing business as Cytiva.
Stat (Signal transducer and activators of transcription) proteins mediate the biological activity of cytokines, including interleukins, interferons, erythropoietin, and growth factors. Ligand-receptor interaction activates constitutively-associated JAK family kinases and subsequent recruitment/activation of Stat proteins by tyrosine phosphorylation. Active Stat proteins then move to the nucleus to promote transcription of cytokine-inducible genes. Seven Stat proteins have been cloned, each of which is differentially expressed and/or activated in a cytokine-specific and cell type-specific manner. Stat5 has been characterized and shown to be encoded by two separate genes, Stat5a and Stat5b, which share over 90% identity at the amino acid level. Stat5a has been shown to be involved in lactogenesis and mammary development, while Stat5b has been shown to be involved in growth hormone signaling and liver gene expression. Both Stat5a and Stat5b are involved in IL-2 induced peripheral T cell proliferation. The peptide hormone, prolactin, binds to the prolactin receptor (PRLR) to initiate the lactogenic response. There are at least three forms of PRLR; however, only the long form activates the 92-kDa Stat5 protein by inducing phosphorylation at Y694. Once phosphorylated, Stat5 becomes an essential transcription factor which binds to the β-casein gene promoter. The presence of an SH2 domain within Stat5 suggests that it may directly interact with protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) such as JAK2.
The 47 monoclonal antibody recognizes the phosphorylated Y694 of Stat5a. The homologous phosphorylation site in Stat5b is Y699.
Development References (12)
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Belarif L, Mary C, Jacquemont L, et al. IL-7 receptor blockade blunts antigen-specific memory T cell responses and chronic inflammation in primates.. Nat Commun. 2018; 9(1):4483. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Bromberg J, Darnell JE. The role of STATs in transcriptional control and their impact on cellular function. Oncogene. 2000; 19(21):2468-2473. (Biology). View Reference
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DeGottardi MQ, Okoye AA, Vaidya M, et al. Effect of Anti-IL-15 Administration on T Cell and NK Cell Homeostasis in Rhesus Macaques.. J Immunol. 2016; 197(4):1183-98. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Johnston RJ, Choi YS, Diamond JA, Yang JA, Crotty S. STAT5 is a potent negative regulator of TFH cell differentiation. J Exp Med. 2012; 209(2):243-250. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Krutzik PO, Clutter MR, Nolan GP. Coordinate analysis of murine immune cell surface markers and intracellular phosphoproteins by flow cytometry.. J Immunol. 2005; 175(4):2357-65. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Krutzik PO, Nolan GP. Intracellular phospho-protein staining techniques for flow cytometry: monitoring single cell signaling events. Cytometry A. 2003; 55(2):61-70. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Liu KD, Gaffen SL, Goldsmith MA. JAK/STAT signaling by cytokine receptors. Curr Opin Immunol. 1998; 10(3):271-278. (Biology). View Reference
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Prlic M, Bevan MJ. Exploring regulatory mechanisms of CD8+ T cell contraction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008; 105(43):16689-16694. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Suni MA, Maino VC. Flow cytometric analysis of cell signaling proteins. Methods Mol Biol. 2011; 717:155-169. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Tusi BK, Wolock SL, Weinreb C, et al. Population snapshots predict early haematopoietic and erythroid hierarchies.. Nature. 2018; 555(7694):54-60. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Van De Wiele CJ, Marino JH, Murray BW, Vo SS, Whetsell ME, Teague TK. Thymocytes between the -Selection and Positive Selection Checkpoints Are Nonresponsive to IL-7 as Assessed by STAT-5 Phosphorylation. J Immunol. 2004; 172(7):4235-4244. (Biology). View Reference
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Wakao H, Gouilleux F, Groner B. Mammary gland factor (MGF) is a novel member of the cytokine regulated transcription factor gene family and confers the prolactin response. EMBO J. 1994; 13(9):2182-2191. (Biology). View Reference
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Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD Technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.