Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
Western blot: Please refer to http://www.bdbiosciences.com/pharmingen/protocols/Western_Blotting.shtml
Product Notices
- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
The Stat proteins function as both cytoplasmic signal transducers and activators of transcription. Stat91/84 (the two proteins are the result of alternate splicing-Stat91 has an additional 38 C-terminal amino acids) and Stat113 were the first identified members of this protein family. These three polypeptides contain both SH2 and SH3 domains and have also been described as members of the ISGF3 (interferon-stimulated gene factor 3) complex. With the discovery of additional members of the Stat family (Stats3 & 4), the nomenclature has been revised to indicate the Stat family members in the order of their discovery. Stat 91, 84, and 113 have become Stat1α, Stat1β, and Stat2, respectively. In response to IFN-α treatment, Stat1α, Stat1β, and Stat2 become tyrosine-phosphorylated and migrate to the nucleus where they join a 48 kDa DNA binding protein and subsequently direct the transcription at IFN-α responsive elements. The genes encoding Stat2 and Stat1 are closely related. An extended acidic C-terminal region exclusive to Stat2 implicates a potential role in gene activation. Stat2 phosphorylation can occur independently of Stat1α, but phosphorylated Stat2 does appear to be dependent on its interaction with Stat1α for efficient nuclear localization and/or stability.
Development References (5)
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Blesofsky WA, Mowen K, Arduini RM. Regulation of STAT protein synthesis by c-Cbl. Oncogene. 2001; 20(50):7326-7333. (Biology: Western blot). View Reference
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Duff JL, Quinlan KL, Paxton LL, Naik SM, Caughman SW. Pervanadate mimics IFNgamma-mediated induction of ICAM-1 expression via activation of STAT proteins. J Invest Dermatol. 1997; 3(295):2301. (Biology: Gel shift). View Reference
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Fu XY, Schindler C, Improta T, Aebersold R, Darnell JE Jr. The proteins of ISGF-3, the interferon alpha-induced transcriptional activator, define a gene family involved in signal transduction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992; 89(16):7840-7843. (Biology). View Reference
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Ruff-Jamison S, Chen K, Cohen S. Induction by EGF and interferon-gamma of tyrosine phosphorylated DNA binding proteins in mouse liver nuclei. Science. 1993; 261(5129):1733-1736. (Biology). View Reference
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Russell-Harde D, Wagner TC, Rani MR. Role of the intracellular domain of the human type I interferon receptor 2 chain (IFNAR2c) in interferon signaling. Expression of IFNAR2c truncation mutants in U5A cells. J Biol Chem. 2000; 275(31):23981-23985. (Biology: Immunoprecipitation, Western blot). View Reference
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