Preparation And Storage
Product Notices
- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
The DTA-1 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to GITR [Glucocorticoid-induced Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family-Related], a 66-70-kDa homodimer glycoprotein that is a member of the TNF receptor superfamily and is also known as TNFRSF18 and CD357. As its name implies, GITR expression was first detected in T lymphocytes that had been treated with dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid. In normal naive mice, GITR is expressed at moderate levels on CD25-positive/CD4-positive/CD8a-negative thymocytes and on CD25-positive/CD4-positive/CD45RB-low splenocytes. It is also expressed at low levels on splenic CD25-negative/CD4-positive/CD45RB-low T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Activation of T and B lymphocytes upregulates GITR expression. GITR is a costimulatory receptor that plays an important role in Regulatory T (Treg)-cell functions, and a GITR Ligand has been detected on B lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. mAb DTA-1 abrogates suppression by Treg cells without affecting their proliferative response, while it is co-stimulatory for T lymphocytes that are not Treg cells.
Development References (7)
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Ji H, Liao G, Faubion WA, et al. The natural ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor-related protein abrogates regulatory T cell suppression. J Immunol. 2004; 172:5823-5827. (Biology). View Reference
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Ko K, Yamazaki S, Nakamura K, et al. Treatment of advanced tumors with agonistic anti-GITR mAb and its effects on tumor-infiltrating Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells. J Exp Med. 2005; 202(7):885-891. (Biology). View Reference
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Kohm AP, Williams JS, Miller SD. Ligation of the glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor enhances autoreactive CD4-positive T cell activation and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Immunol. 2004; 172:4686-4690. (Biology). View Reference
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Nocentini G, Giunchi L, Ronchetti S, et al. A new member of the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor receptor family inhibits T cell receptor-induced apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997; 94:6216-6221. (Biology). View Reference
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Shimizu J, Yamazaki S, Takahashi T, Ishida Y, Sakaguchi S. Stimulation of CD25-positive CD4-positive regulatory T cells through GITR breaks immunological self-tolerance. Nat Immunol. 2002; 3(2):135-142. (Immunogen). View Reference
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Tone M, Tone Y, Adams E, et al. Mouse glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor ligand is costimulatory for T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003; 100(25):15059-15064. (Biology). View Reference
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Uraushihara K, Kanai T, Ko K, et al. Regulation of murine inflammatory bowel disease by CD25-positive and CD25negative CD4-positive glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor family-related gene-positive regulatory T cells. J Immunol. 2003; 171:708-716. (Biology). View Reference
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For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
