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Multiparameter flow cytometric analysis of Ki-67 expression in noncycling Human peripheral blood lymphocytes or proliferating Human MOLT-4 cells. Noncycling normal Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells containing lymphocytes (Top Plots) or proliferating cells from the Human MOLT-4 (T lymphoblastic leukemia, ATCC® CRL-1582™) cell line (Bottom Plots) were permeabilized and fixed with 70% ice-cold ethanol. In separate experiments, the normal or MOLT-4 cells were washed twice with BD Pharmingen™ Stain Buffer (FBS) [Cat. No. 554656], stained with either Alexa Fluor™ 488 Mouse IgG1, κ Isotype Control (Cat. No. 565572; Left Plots) or Alexa Fluor™ 488 Mouse Anti-Human Ki-67 antibody (Cat. No. 571536/571578; Right Plots) and counterstained with BD Pharmingen™ DAPI Solution (Cat. No. 564907) to stain DNA. Bivariate pseudocolor density plots showing the correlated expression of DNA (DAPI) versus Ki-67 levels (or Ig Isotype control staining) were derived from gated events with the forward and side light-scatter characteristics of intact lymphocytes or MOLT-4 cells. Flow cytometry and data analysis were performed using a BD FACSymphony™ A5 Cell Analyzer System and FlowJo™ Software.
BD Pharmingen™ Alexa Fluor™ 488 Mouse Anti-Human Ki-67
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Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
BD® CompBeads can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover (compensation). When fluorochrome conjugated antibodies are bound to BD® CompBeads, they have spectral properties very similar to cells. However, for some fluorochromes there can be small differences in spectral emissions compared to cells, resulting in spillover values that differ when compared to biological controls. It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and BD® CompBeads to ensure that BD® CompBeads are appropriate for your specific cellular application.
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- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- Alexa Fluor® 488 fluorochrome emission is collected at the same instrument settings as for fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC).
- Source of all serum proteins is from USDA inspected abattoirs located in the United States.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- This reagent has been pre-diluted for use at the recommended Volume per Test. We typically use 1 × 10^6 cells in a 100-µl experimental sample (a test).
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
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Companion Products
The Ki-67 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes the Ki-67 antigen (also known as KI67, KI-67). Ki-67 is a nonhistone nuclear protein that is encoded by MKI67 (Marker of Proliferation Ki-67). Ki-67 is associated with cellular proliferation and its expression increases as cells enter and progress through the G1, S, G2, and M cell cycle phases. Ki-67 is a large protein having 2 alternatively spliced isoforms. The Ki-67 protein contains an N-terminal forkhead-associated domain, a protein phosphatase 1-binding domain, a large central region of tandem repeats, and a C-terminal leucine/arginine-rich chromatin-binding domain. Ki-67 is required for cell proliferation and serves as useful marker for distinguishing and analyzing quiescent cells (Ki-67-negative cells within the G0 cell cycle phase) from cycling Ki-67-positive cells including cancer cells.
Development References (8)
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Bruno S, Darzynkiewicz Z. Cell cycle dependent expression and stability of the nuclear protein detected by Ki-67 antibody in HL-60 cells. Cell Prolif. 1992; 25(1):31-40. (Biology). View Reference
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Byeon IJ, Li H, Song H, Gronenborn AM, Tsai MD. Sequential phosphorylation and multisite interactions characterize specific target recognition by the FHA domain of Ki67.. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2005; 12(11):987-93. (Biology). View Reference
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Gerdes J, Lemke H, Baisch H, Wacker HH, Schwab U, Stein H. Cell cycle analysis of a cell proliferation-associated human nuclear antigen defined by the monoclonal antibody Ki-67.. J Immunol. 1984; 133(4):1710-5. (Clone-specific: Immunocytochemistry). View Reference
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Gerdes J, Schwab U, Lemke H, Stein H. Production of a mouse monoclonal antibody reactive with a human nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation.. Int J Cancer. 1983; 31(1):13-20. (Immunogen: Immunohistochemistry). View Reference
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Kim KH, Sederstrom JM. Assaying Cell Cycle Status Using Flow Cytometry.. Curr Protoc Mol Biol. 2015; 111:28.6.1-28.6.11. (Clone-specific: Intracellular Staining/Flow Cytometry). View Reference
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Palutke M, KuKuruga D, Tabaczka P. A flow cytometric method for measuring lymphocyte proliferation directly from tissue culture plates using Ki-67 and propidium iodide.. J Immunol Methods. 1987; 105(1):97-105. (Clone-specific: Intracellular Staining/Flow Cytometry). View Reference
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Schwarting R, Gerdes J, Niehus J, Jaeschke L, Stein H. Determination of the growth fraction in cell suspensions by flow cytometry using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67.. J Immunol Methods. 1986; 90(1):65-70. (Clone-specific: Intracellular Staining/Flow Cytometry). View Reference
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Sun X, Kaufman PD. Ki-67: more than a proliferation marker. Chromosoma. 2018; 127(2):175-186. (Biology). View Reference
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For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.