Preparation And Storage
Recommended Assay Procedures
BD® CompBeads can be used as surrogates to assess fluorescence spillover (compensation). When fluorochrome conjugated antibodies are bound to BD® CompBeads, they have spectral properties very similar to cells. However, for some fluorochromes there can be small differences in spectral emissions compared to cells, resulting in spillover values that differ when compared to biological controls. It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and BD® CompBeads to ensure that BD® CompBeads are appropriate for your specific cellular application.
Product Notices
- Please refer to www.bdbiosciences.com/us/s/resources for technical protocols.
- Please refer to http://regdocs.bd.com to access safety data sheets (SDS).
- For U.S. patents that may apply, see bd.com/patents.
- Caution: Sodium azide yields highly toxic hydrazoic acid under acidic conditions. Dilute azide compounds in running water before discarding to avoid accumulation of potentially explosive deposits in plumbing.
- Since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal results.
- The production process underwent stringent testing and validation to assure that it generates a high-quality conjugate with consistent performance and specific binding activity. However, verification testing has not been performed on all conjugate lots.
- When using high concentrations of antibody, background binding of this dye to erythroid fragments produced by ammonium chloride-based lysis, such as with BD Pharm Lyse™ Lysing Buffer (Cat. No. 555899), has been observed when the antibody conjugate was present during the lysis procedure. This may cause nonspecific staining of target cells, such as leukocytes, which have bound the resulting erythroid fragments. This background can be mitigated by any of the following: titrating the antibody conjugate to a lower concentration, fixing samples with formaldehyde, or removing erythrocytes before staining (eg, gradient centrifugation or pre-lysis with wash). This background has not been observed when cells were lysed with BD FACS™ Lysing Solution (Cat. No. 349202) after staining.
- For fluorochrome spectra and suitable instrument settings, please refer to our Multicolor Flow Cytometry web page at www.bdbiosciences.com/colors.
- An isotype control should be used at the same concentration as the antibody of interest.
- Cy is a trademark of Global Life Sciences Solutions Germany GmbH or an affiliate doing business as Cytiva.
- Please observe the following precautions: We recommend that special precautions be taken (such as wrapping vials, tubes, or racks in aluminum foil) to protect exposure of conjugated reagents, including cells stained with those reagents, to any room illumination. Absorption of visible light can significantly affect the emission spectra and quantum yield of tandem fluorochrome conjugates.
- Tandem fluorochromes contain both an energy donor and an energy acceptor. Although every effort is made to minimize the lot-to-lot variation in the efficiency of the fluorochrome energy transfer, differences in the residual emission from the donor may be observed. Additionally, multi-laser cytometers may directly excite both the donor and acceptor fluorochromes. Therefore, we recommend for every tandem conjugate, a matched individual single-stain control be acquired for generating a compensation or spectral unmixing matrix.
- Human donor specific background has been observed in relation to the presence of anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibodies, developed as a result of certain vaccines containing PEG, including some COVID-19 vaccines. We recommend use of BD Horizon Brilliant™ Stain Buffer in your experiments to help mitigate potential background. For more information visit https://www.bdbiosciences.com/en-us/support/product-notices.
Companion Products
The NOK-1 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes CD178. Fas (CD95; APO-1) is a 45 kDa cell surface protein that mediates apoptosis when cross-linked with agonistic anti-Fas antibodies or by Fas ligand (FasL; CD178). Fas belongs to the TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor)/NGF (Nerve Growth Factor) receptor family, and is expressed in various tissues and cells including the thymus, liver, ovary and lung. CD178 (FasL), a member of the TNF cytokine family, induces apoptosis by binding to Fas, its cell-surface receptor. FasL may exist as either membrane bound or soluble forms and is expressed by activated T and NK cells. FasL may also be constitutively expressed in some immunologically privileged sites, e.g., eye and testis. Fas and FasL play an important role in the induction of apoptosis, and thus regulate a variety of immunological responses.
The NOK-1 antibody clone has been reported to recognize human FasL, recognizing both the membrane bound (FasL) and soluble (sFasL) forms. It is reported that the epitope for NOK-1 has been mapped to the COOH-terminus of FasL, at the region implicated in Fas binding. FasL and sFasL have been reported to migrate at reduced molecular weights of 40 and 26 kDa, respectively. However, the molecular weights observed in a particular sample may vary according to FasL and sFasL glycosylation and breakdown patterns as described in the literature. The NOK-1 antibody clone is not recommended for the Western blot application.
Development References (9)
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Kayagaki N, Kawasaki A, Ebata T, et al. Metalloproteinase-mediated release of human Fas ligand. J Exp Med. 1995; 182(6):1777-1783. (Immunogen: Flow cytometry, Neutralization). View Reference
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Orlinick JR, Elkon KB, Chao MV. Separate domains of the human fas ligand dictate self-association and receptor binding. J Biol Chem. 1997; 272(51):32221-32229. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Oyaizu N, Adachi Y, Hashimoto F, et al. Monocytes express Fas ligand upon CD4 cross-linking and induce CD4+ T cells apoptosis: a possible mechanism of bystander cell death in HIV infection. J Immunol. 1997; 158(5):2456-2463. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Sieg S, Smith D, Yildirim Z, Kaplan D. Fas ligand deficiency in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997; 94(11):5860-5865. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry). View Reference
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Takahashi T, Tanaka M, Brannan CI, et al. Generalized lymphoproliferative disease in mice, caused by a point mutation in the Fas ligand. Cell. 1994; 76(6):969-976. (Biology). View Reference
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Tanaka M, Suda T, Takahashi T, Nagata S. Expression of the functional soluble form of human Fas ligand in activated lymphocytes. EMBO J. 1995; 14(6):1129-1135. (Biology). View Reference
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Villunger A, Egle A, Marschitz I, et al. Constitutive expression of Fas (Apo-1/CD95) ligand on multiple myeloma cells: a potential mechanism of tumor-induced suppression of immune surveillance. Blood. 1997; 90(1):12-20. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry, Neutralization). View Reference
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Walker PR, Saas P, Dietrich PY. Role of Fas ligand (CD95L) in immune escape: the tumor cell strikes back. J Immunol. 1997; 158(10):4521-4524. (Clone-specific: Neutralization). View Reference
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Zavazava N, Kronke M. Soluble HLA class I molecules induce apoptosis in alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Nat Med. 1996; 2(9):1005-1010. (Clone-specific: Flow cytometry, Neutralization). View Reference
Please refer to Support Documents for Quality Certificates
Global - Refer to manufacturer's instructions for use and related User Manuals and Technical data sheets before using this products as described
Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD Technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
Refer to manufacturer's instructions for use and related User Manuals and Technical Data Sheets before using this product as described.
Comparisons, where applicable, are made against older BD technology, manual methods or are general performance claims. Comparisons are not made against non-BD technologies, unless otherwise noted.